Statistical testing involved ANOVA or non-parametric tests, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and cotinine
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(One pod of the popular vaping product Juul contains as much nicotine as at least 26 cigarettes, found a recent study.) Thus, young vapers become dependent on nicotine, often without realizing it
You may find that giving up is even harder than giving up cigarettes
Otherwise, there is some degree of inference, since individuals usually have some variability across their cognitive abilities and skills pre-injury, and some changes may have happened in the intervening decades as a result of normal aging and the drug and alcohol use (although, with years of being clean and sober, some of the latter may have been mitigated)