Signaling of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in diabetes mellitus
Interestingly, co-culturing IGF-I +/+ osteoclast precursors (spleen cells from WT mice), with IGF-I / osteoblasts (bone marrow stromal cells from IGF-I KO mice), produces significantly fewer (by 90%) multi-nucleated osteoclasts than coculturing IGF-I +/+ osteoclast precursors with IGF-I +/+ osteoblasts, suggesting that osteoblasts may be a source of IGF-I to promote osteoclastogenesis
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When dosed correctly and cycled appropriately under medical supervision, it offers a measurable path toward improved body composition, recovery, sleep, and metabolic function
On VuMedi, I shared reflections on estrogen as a neuroendocrine hormone to expand understanding, but to shift how we approach care