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This widespread use is a major public health concern because it exposes more people to the rapid cancer risks associated with chewing tobacco.Education campaigns are essential to inform the public about these dangers

Cigarette smoking - risks

Current UK guidance from NICE does not specifically list smokeless tobacco as a primary cause of NAFLD, though tobacco cessation is recommended as part of overall liver health strategies

Research published in the World Journal of Hepatology notes that smoking may contribute to liver injury, fibrosis, and disease progression through inflammation and oxidative stress

[9] [10] However, much of the evidence comes from studies of smoked tobacco, and data specific to smokeless tobacco remain limited