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Pharmaceutical therapy: Pharmacotherapy is a critical smoking cessation strategy that has been shown to reduce cravings, ease nicotine withdrawal symptoms, and promote and sustain abstinence from smoking, according to a 2024 article by Onwuzo et al., published in the journal Cureus , titled A Review of Smoking Cessation Interventions: Efficacy, Strategies for Implementation, and Future Directions . Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and varenicline are the principal pharmaceutical interventions for smoking cessation
For the healthy individuals, swab samples were collected from the right (abbreviated as R) and left (abbreviated as L) buccal site and the dental plaque or biofilm (abbreviated as D)
With continued use, more and more tobacco is needed to get the same feeling
Even if you have smoked one cigarette in the last one year, you will fall in the definition of a smoker