These peptides arent just for athletes
LL-37 exhibits broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and plays a key role in modulating the bodys immune and inflammatory responses
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Key markers include fasting glucose and insulin (to assess insulin sensitivity), HbA1c (long-term glucose regulation), lipid panel (triglycerides, HDL, LDL), resting metabolic rate via indirect calorimetry, and body composition via DEXA scan (to differentiate fat loss from lean mass changes)
One study in healthy rat brain mitochondria also did not observe any direct effect of trimetazidine on mitochondrial permeability transition [143]